Isimiso sokusebenza sephampu kazibuthe

Iphampu kazibuthe yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: iphampu, idrayivu kazibuthe, kanye nenjini. Ingxenye eyinhloko yedrayivu kazibuthe iqukethe i-rotor kazibuthe yangaphandle, i-rotor yamagnetic yangaphakathi kanye nomkhono wokuhlukanisa ongewona uzibuthe. Lapho i-motor ishayela i-rotor yangaphandle kazibuthe ukuze ijikeleze, inkambu kazibuthe ingangena esikhaleni somoya nezinto ezingezona uzibuthe, futhi ishayele i-rotor kazibuthe yangaphakathi exhunywe ku-impeller ukuze ijikeleze ngokuhambisanayo, ibone ukudluliswa kwamandla okungenakuxhumana, futhi iguqule amandla. vala ibe uphawu olumile. Ngenxa yokuthi i-pump shaft kanye ne-rotor magnetic yangaphakathi ivalwe ngokuphelele ngumzimba wepompo kanye nomkhono wokuzihlukanisa, inkinga "yokugijima, ukukhipha, ukuvuza, nokuvuza" ixazululwa ngokuphelele, kanye nokuvuza kwemidiya evuthayo, eqhumayo, enobuthi neyingozi. imboni yokucwenga kanye namakhemikhali ngokusebenzisa uphawu lwepompo iyaqedwa. Izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona ziqinisekisa ngempumelelo impilo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphephile kwabasebenzi.

1. Isimiso sokusebenza sephampu kazibuthe
Amapheya kamazibuthe angu-N (n iyinombolo elinganayo) ahlanganiswa kumarotha kazibuthe angaphakathi nangaphandle we-actuator kazibuthe ngohlelo olujwayelekile, ukuze izingxenye zikazibuthe zakhe uhlelo oluphelele oluhlangene lukazibuthe. Lapho izigxobo kazibuthe zangaphakathi nezingaphandle ziphambene, okungukuthi, i-engeli yokugudluka phakathi kwezigxobo kazibuthe ezimbili Φ=0, amandla kazibuthe wesistimu kazibuthe aphansi kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi; lapho izigxobo kazibuthe zizungeza esigxotsheni esifanayo, i-engeli yokugudluza phakathi kwezigxobo kazibuthe ezimbili Φ=2π /n, amandla kazibuthe wesistimu kazibuthe aphezulu ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemva kokukhipha amandla angaphandle, njengoba izigxobo kazibuthe zesistimu kazibuthe zixoshana, amandla kazibuthe azobuyisela umazibuthe esimweni samandla kazibuthe aphansi kakhulu. Khona-ke omazibuthe bayanyakaza, beshayela i-rotor kazibuthe ukuthi ijikeleze.

2. Izici zesakhiwo
1. Uzibuthe unomphela
Ozibuthe abangunaphakade abenziwe ngezinto ezingavamile kazibuthe zomhlaba unomphela banebanga lokushisa elibanzi lokusebenza (-45-400°C), ukuphoqelela okuphakeme, kanye ne-anisotropy enhle ekuqondeni kwendawo kazibuthe. I-Demagnetization ngeke yenzeke lapho izigxobo ezifanayo ziseduze. Iwumthombo omuhle wensimu kazibuthe.
2. Umkhono wokuzihlukanisa
Uma kusetshenziswa umkhono wokuhlukanisa wensimbi, umkhono wokuhlukanisa usendaweni yamagnetic eshintshashintshayo ye-sinusoidal, futhi i-eddy current ifakwa esigabeni esiphambanayo esibheke ngakulayini wamandla kazibuthe bese siguqulwa sibe ukushisa. Isisho se-eddy current sithi: lapho i-Pe-eddy current; K-njalo; isivinini esikalwe ngu-n sephampu; I-torque yokudlulisa i-T-magnetic; F-ingcindezi ku-spacer; D-ububanzi bangaphakathi be-spacer; resistivity of a material;-material Amandla aqinile. Lapho iphampu yakhiwe, u-n no-T banikezwa izimo zokusebenza. Ukunciphisa i-eddy current kungacatshangelwa kuphela ezicini ze-F, D, njalonjalo. Umkhono wokuzihlukanisa wenziwe ngezinto ezingezona ezensimbi ezinokumelana okuphezulu namandla aphezulu, okusebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni i-eddy current.

3. Ukulawulwa kokupholisa ukugeleza kwe-lubricant
Uma ipompo kazibuthe isebenza, inani elincane loketshezi kufanele lisetshenziswe ukugeza nokupholisa indawo yegebe ephakathi kwe-rotor yamagnetic yangaphakathi nomkhono ohlukanisayo kanye nokubhangqa kokungqubuzana kwebheringi eslayidayo. Izinga lokugeleza kwesipholile ngokuvamile lingu-2% -3% wezinga lokugeleza komklamo wepompo. Indawo ye-annulus phakathi kwerotha kazibuthe yangaphakathi kanye nomkhono ozihlukanisayo ikhiqiza ukushisa okuphezulu ngenxa yama-eddy currents. Uma i-lubricant yokupholisa inganele noma imbobo yokudonsa ingabusheleli noma ivinjiwe, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lizoba phezulu kunokushisa okusebenzayo kukazibuthe unomphela, futhi i-rotor yamagnetic yangaphakathi izolahlekelwa kancane kancane amandla ayo futhi idrayivu kazibuthe izohluleka. Lapho okuphakathi kungamanzi noma uketshezi olusekelwe emanzini, ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa endaweni ye-annulus kungagcinwa ku-3-5 ° C; lapho okuphakathi kuyi-hydrocarbon noma uwoyela, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa endaweni ye-annulus kungagcinwa ku-5-8 ° C.

4. I-sliding bear
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zamaphampu kazibuthe ama-sliding bearings ziyi-graphite efakiwe, egcwele i-polytetrafluoroethylene, i-ceramics yobunjiniyela nokunye. Ngenxa yokuthi izinto zobumba zobumba ezinobunjiniyela zinokumelana nokushisa okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, nokumelana nokungqubuzana, ama-sliding bearing amaphampu kazibuthe ngokuvamile enziwe ngezitsha zobumba zobunjiniyela. Ngenxa yokuthi izitsha zobumba zobunjiniyela zintekenteke kakhulu futhi zine-coefficient encane yokunweba, imvume yokufaka akumele ibe yincane kakhulu ukugwema izingozi ezilengiswe ku-shaft.
Njengoba i-sliding bear yepompo kazibuthe igcotshwa yi-medium edluliswayo, izinto ezihlukene kufanele zisetshenziswe ukwenza ama-bearings ngokuya ngemidiya ehlukene nezimo zokusebenza.

5. Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Uma ingxenye eshayelwayo yedrayivu kazibuthe isebenza ngaphansi kokulayishwa ngokweqile noma i-rotor ibambekile, izingxenye eziyinhloko nezishayelwayo zedrayivu kazibuthe zizoshelela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuvikelwe iphampu. Ngalesi sikhathi, uzibuthe ongunaphakade ku-actuator kazibuthe uzokhiqiza ukulahleka kwe-eddy kanye nokulahlekelwa kazibuthe ngaphansi kwesenzo se-alternate magnetic field ye-rotor esebenzayo, okuzokwenza izinga lokushisa likazibuthe unomphela likhuphuke kanye ne-actuator kazibuthe ukuthi ishelele futhi yehluleke. .
Okwesithathu, izinzuzo zephampu kazibuthe
Uma kuqhathaniswa namaphampu ayi-centrifugal asebenzisa izigxivizo zemishini noma izigxivizo zokupakisha, amaphampu kazibuthe anezinzuzo ezilandelayo.
1. I-pump shaft iyashintsha isuka kusigxivizo esiguquguqukayo iye endaweni evaliwe emile, igweme ngokuphelele ukuvuza okuphakathi.
2. Asikho isidingo sokuthambisa okuzimele kanye namanzi okupholisa, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
3. Kusukela ekuhlanganiseni ukudluliselwa kuye ekuhuduleni okuvumelanayo, akukho ukuthintana nokungqubuzana. Isebenzisa amandla aphansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, futhi inomphumela wokunciphisa nokudlidliza, okunciphisa umthelela wokudlidliza kwemoto kwipompo kazibuthe kanye nomthelela kumotho lapho iphampu yenzeka ukudlidliza kwe-cavitation.
4. Uma igcwele kakhulu, ama-rotor kazibuthe angaphakathi nangaphandle ayashelela, okuvikela injini nepompo.
Okwesine, izinyathelo zokuphepha
1. Vimbela izinhlayiya ukuthi zingangeni
(1) Ukungcola kwe-Ferromagnetic kanye nezinhlayiya azivunyelwe ukungena kudrayivu yephampu kazibuthe kanye namapheya okungqubuzana okuthwalayo.
(2) Ngemva kokuthutha into esetshenziswayo okulula ukuyicwebezela noma imvula, ishaye ngesikhathi (thela amanzi ahlanzekile endaweni yepompo ngemva kokumisa iphampu, futhi uyikhiphe ngemva kweminithi elingu-1 lokusebenza) ukuze uqinisekise impilo yesevisi yebheringi eshelelayo. .
(3) Lapho uthutha i-medium equkethe izinhlayiya eziqinile, kufanele ihlungwe endaweni yokungena yepayipi lokugeleza kwepompo.
2. Vimbela demagnetization
(1) Itorque yephampu kazibuthe ayikwazi ukuklanywa ibe mncane kakhulu.
(2) Kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezishiwo, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphakathi linqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukweqa izinga. Inzwa ye-platinamu yokumelana nezinga lokushisa ingafakwa endaweni engaphandle yomkhono wokuhlukanisa wephampu kazibuthe ukuze kutholwe ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa endaweni ye-annulus, ukuze ikwazi ukwethusa noma ivale lapho izinga lokushisa lidlula umkhawulo.
3. Vimbela ukungqubuzana okomile
(1) Ukwenza idlozi kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele.
(2) Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukukhipha i-medium.
(3) Uma ivalvu yokuphuma ivaliwe, iphampu akufanele iqhubeke isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emi-2 ukuze ivimbele i-actuator kazibuthe ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi yehluleke.